Sea-wall.



I PATENTED JULY 31 1906.

SEA WALL.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 26. 1905.

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ATTORNEY however, this cannot bereadJ yaccomphshed,

PAT NT oEEIoE.

I HENRY WINTER, or SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

SEA-WALL.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 31, 1906.

Application filed September 26, 1905. Serial H.0- 279.963.

To all whom it may concern.- 2 Be it known that I, HENRY WINTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Seattle,

in the county of King and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sea Walls, of which the following is. a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure tie afront elevation of a sea-wall embodying my invention and shown in course of construction. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary plan'view ofthe same; and Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view, partly in section, of one of the pile-positioning yokes shown in Fig. 1. This invention relates particularl to seawalls or iers which are either part y or entirely su merged; andits object is the improvement in the construction of such walls.

The invention consists in the novel construction of the wall-blocks and the combinations thereof with the guide-columns, whereb the may be accurately predeterminate y lai inposition, as hereinafter de scribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings the reference-numeral 2 designates columns or piles ,which may be of any suitable shape or material and where 1t can be conveniently done are driven or otherwise sunkinto the bottom or ound. When,

as in a rocky bottom, the piles may be maintained in upright and proper positions by the employment of oke devices,'wh1ch I Wlll resently descri e, and guy-lines leading om anchors or the like. mentioned condition concrete in sacks can be deposited about the lower ends of the iles and likewise filled into them when holow to increase their weight. The piles are disposed w tantly apart and in parallelism by the use of said yoke devices or their equivalent. The yokes are severally comprlsed of a pair of collars 3 3, having internal openings of simi'' 'lar shape, but. somewhat larger than the cross-sectional shape and size of the piles,

and each such pair of collars is fixedly con- -nected together by a distance or tie bare.

The collars are severally made openable by formingfgach of a plurality of pieces connecte by.- ge-joints, as at 5, and by a hasp 6 of one. section engaging over a slotted pin or .e ebolt 7, provided on the adjacent section;

by forelocks or-keys 8,.passing thrqugh'the hecollars are 10 cked in their closed'condition equal than the Under the last-' 111 a row equidis respective'said ins and which may be most conveniently wlthdrawn therefrom by lanyards 9, connected to the keys and leadin to a scow or elsewhere above the water an within convenient reach of the operator.

spring. 10 (see Fig. 3) may advantageously be interposed in'each between its has .and the bottom of a cavit 1 1, provided in t e ad-. jacent collar part. s above mentioned, the purpose of the yokes is to retainthe iles in proper position, and the yokes can be old in predetermined positionsthereon by suspendmg-lines 12, extending from abovexthc water and attached to the yokes in any convenient and suitable manner, as by eyes formed in the hinge-pins 5. v Bronze orother hard-metal balls 13' are provided within the inner peripheries of the yoke-collars to present antifriction-bearings for the piles, whereby the vertical movement or adipstment of the yokes is accomplished and t e piles held in suitable osition to receive the wallblocks.' These locks in horizontally straight walls or where rectangular bends occur therein, as illustrated in the drawings, are preferably parallele ipeds of epth, at least for each wail-course, and of equal length, desirably, and corresponding to the distance between the axes of t e alternate driven piles.

' Apertures 14 15 15'v of iles are provi ed in the several.

blocks an are dis osed 'so'that the firsteater dimensions named ones, 14, will e centrally of the respec-.

"tive bloeks' and the-others, 15 or 15, as the case ma be, in the ends or to one side in prox- 1 imit o the ends, according to whether the bloc are intended for use in a straight por: tion or the corner of a wall.

For reliably connecting the tackle by which the blocks are hoisted and dc osited in osition the latter are each desirab y pro-' vi ed in their sideswith o positely-arranged depressions or pockets 16 i pair of shears or derrick-booms 18 are repre-- sented carrying blocks or pulleys 19,'through which are-led hoisting-lines 20- from winding mechanism 2 1 to the aforesaid slings or blockg pp g devices. i a

, V or the reception of the hook-points ofthe slings 17. f Anysuitable and available apparatus ma Where the blocks are exceptionally large or heavy, additional grappling devices may be utilized and can engage with a block beneath its lower side edges; but where such supplemental grapples .are used they must obviously be removed prior to the landing of a block in place, as through the medium of a trigger controlled from the scow or place where the operations are controlled.

Under certain conditions, as in the construct-ion of the walls of a dry-dock, it is important that the wall should be put together in suchmanner as to revent the passage of water therethrough. his can be attained by the closing of the scams or interstices of the wall with cement, which is desirably spread, while newly mixed, over the juxtaposed faces of blocks immediately before lowering them upon or against the previously-laid ocks. A very convenient and satisfactory way of thus applying the cement is to fill a coursemesh fa ric, such as quilted burla with the same and secure it to the blockaces, as at 22, by wire or strong yarn.

Where the bottom upon which a-wall is to be erected is out of horizontal or hummocky, it can be brought to such a level conditon by depositing thereupon-sacked concrete. The first tier of blocks can then be laid upon the sacked cement or directly upon the ground if even, with the vertical seams closed by cement, as above described; and be followed with the superimposed courses with cement layers intervening until the wall is complete. When the wall has been raised to the required height, the space in the apertures about and above the pi1es, if they do not extend to the top thereof, are filled with con- -crete to make'the wall-to all practical purposesa solid one. The piles as before mentioned, can be of any suitable material or configuration, either solid or hollow, and constructed of single pieces or of a plurality of plates or staves. s the piles are inclosed by the blocks, they are safeguarded from the corrosive action of'the water and also in the case of wooden ones from the destructive attacks of' teredoes. faces of the block-apertures may, if desired,

be covered with cement-charged uilted fab ric to offer additional means to ma e the wall waiter-tight, as well as further protecting the pies. v

It may be mentioned that where the tide is not considerable dry-docks can be constructed with walls "erected in accordance with this invention by simply placin them in the-required depth of water an 'then pumping out the mcl'osed-space, to-afterward complete the bottom and interior facin s,

t is evident that with thisinventionno temporary dikes, bulkheads, 'caissons, or

other like contrivances 'are re uisite, as the work can progress directly in t e water and Furthermore, the 'sur-.

be so controlled as to require not even the assistance of a diver.

The advantages, among others, of the inven tion are the low cost of construction, availability of the material for constructing any desired shape or size of wall, convenience in manufacturing'the integral parts, which may be performed at a considerable distance from the point of erection, and the rapidity with which an extensive sea-wall or dock can be constructed. This last-mentioned point is oftentimes a desideratum of importance, as in situations where from the violence of the Waves or other inclement conditions, as prevail during certain seasons of the year, notably in Alaska, the periods where worh-can be done along the sea-coast are very brief.

I do not wish to be understood as confining myself in carrying out my invention te-the specific devices hereinbefore described, for in work of the character contemplated'they would be varied to accommodate themselves to each special undertakingand according to tlelaenvironments and the apparatus availa e.

What I do claim as my invention; and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. A wall of the character described; comprising in combination blocks each having an aperture in its center and an aperture at each end and piles passing through the apertures in the centers of the block and through the a ertures at the abutting ends ofadjacent b ocks.

2. A wall of the character described, consisting of blocks arranged in courses, said blocks having apertures at each end and piles passing through the-a ertures in the 'adjacent ends'of abuttin b ocks.

3. A wall of the c aracter describedyconsisting of parallelepiped concrete blocks arran ed in courses, the blocks being arranged in the several'courses to overlap-those in the adjacent courses, piles passing through 'the various said courses and so disposed as to be at each joint of the contiguous blocks of'--a course.

4. A wall of the character describedycom sisting of parallelepiped concrete blocksarranged in courses with-intervenin cement filling therebetween' and between-t eblovcks of each course, the blocks being arran ed in the-several courses to overlap those'in t is adjacent courses, piles assing through the various said courses an so disposed as to be at each joint of the contiguous blocks of a course.

5. -A-wall ofthe characterdescribed, consi'sting of parallelepiped concrete blocks arran ed in courses, the blocks being arranged in t e several courses to overlap those in the adjacent courses, piles passing through the various said courses and so disposed as to be at each joint of the contiguous blocks of a course and also intermediate thereof.

6. A' wall of the character described, coneach joint ofthe contiguous blocks of acourse sisting of parallelepiped concrete blocks arand also intermediate thereof. 1o ranged in courses with intervenin cement In testimony whereof I affix my signature .filling therebetween andfbetween t e blocks in presence of two witnesses. j

5 of each course, the blocks being arran ed in HENRY WINTER.

the severalcourses to overlap those in t e ad- Witnesses: jacent courses, piles passing through the va- PIERRE BARNES. rious said courses and so disposed as to be at J. T. FLYNN. 

